101 Things to Do This Fall, or Autumn

Identify just one thing in your backyard -- maybe a bird or a garden flower or an insect -- and then use a search engine to find out all you can about it. You'll just be amazed at what you can learn!
It's not to early to start thinking about next spring producing a backyard garden. Your success as a gardener depends very much on growing plants suitable for your region's climate. On the USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map for the US, you can see which Hardiness Zone you live in, then on the Internet find which plants will do best in your zone, for example at the Gardenia.Net website.
Global climate change is profoundlly affecting the Earth's biosphere. See the latest data available at the NASA Global Climate Change website".
Check out the US Environmental Protection Agency's page on " Games, Quizzes and Other Cool Stuff!"
Find a bean, maybe a dried bean in your kitchen, and notice its hilum. Separate the bean's two faces, and inside the bean identify the plumule, radicle and hypocotyl. Our Seeds Page can help you.
Watch the world population grow at the Worldometers page, and see a breakdown of population by countries.
In local gardens, hedges, weedy places and woods, look for insect pupae, as described on our Insect Pupae Page. Once you find one, mark it with a ribbon or other object, then visit it each day to watch for when the adult emerges.
If you know the common name of an organism, usually you can find the scientific name, or binomial, by searching with the Google Search Engine using keywords such as "striped skunk binomial." Try it out.
Download some free nature books from Project Gutenberg. Look for writings by John Muir, Henry David Thoreau, Charles Darwin and Jack London.
Print out the drawing of our "Standard Blossom" on our Remember the Standard Blossom Page, then wander around looking at miscellaneous flowers seeing how they differ from the drawing.
If you have a microscope, look at pollen grains of different flowers and notice how different they are from one another in terms of size and shape.
Most insects are either "chewers" or "suckers." Wander around looking at miscellaneous insects, deciding which are chewers and which are suckers. We have more information on our Insect Mouthparts Page.
Calculate your Ecological Footprint at the World Wildlife Fund's Footprint page website.
Learn to identify your local trees just by looking at their trunks. Our Tree Bark Page can help you organize your thoughts about this.
Learn the few most common Butterfly families, as listed on our Butterflies Page, so that when you meet up with an unknown butterfly you can at least say, "Well, it's in the #### family... " The Butterflies of North America Interactive Page can help you identify butterflies, as well as such field guides as the National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Butterflies
Understand your local weather by looking at clouds, seeing weather maps, etc. The ThoughtCo.Com Weather and Climate Page can help you.
If you had to personally kill the animals providing the flesh you eat each day, would you do it? Is it moral for you to simply pay others to kill the animals you eat? Think about these questions. You might be interested in the Vegetarian Resource Group's Guides & Handouts site.
From a local pond or ditch, take a jar of water and set it in a window where it gets some sunlight. Over the weeks watch what happens to it...
On fallen leaves, look for a leaf-spot fungus such as the one shown on the leaf at our Alternaria Leaf Spot Page.
On a tree twig where the leaf has recently fallen, locate the leafscar, bud and bundle scars, as described on our Woody Twigs Page.
Identify your neighborhood plants and animals using the procedure outlined in Step One of our "3 Steps to Discovering Nature," and document your discoveries on the wonderful iNaturalist.Org website.
During the fall, some bird species may be passing through your area that during the summer and winter are not present. See if you can identify these transitory migrant birds using bird-identification guides.
Go looking for insect eggs and notice their incredible variety of sizes, shapes, colors and designs. Check out our Insect Eggs Page.
Dig up an Earthworm and with your hands moist so you don't hurt it, see if you can identify the worm's clitellum, excretory pores, chaetae, male pore, female pore and mouth. We have a drawing identifying these features.
If you have a moist, junky basement, look for Daddy-long-legs, pictured and described on our Harvestman Page.
Find a weed and try to identify it by using Illinois's Weed-Identification Page for the central US.
If you have a moist or wet place outside, look for a snail or slug. On either of them, locate the two tentacles atop the head, and the two stalked eyes below the tentacles.Our Snails & Slugs Page explains things.
If your neighborhood has outcropping sedimentary rocks, or if there is rounded streambed gravel available, look for fossils. Visit our Fossil Page.
Identify a tree using the free, online DiscoverLife.Org Key to Trees.
In moist, shaded, undisturbed places, look for mosses in their spore-producing condition. Using the diagram on our Mosses Page, identify a moss's calyptra, capsule, stalk, leaves and rhizoids.
Wander around looking at how the blossoms of different plants are arranged. Classify each arrangement type according to whether it is a spike, raceme, corymb, panicle, umbel, cyme, scorpioid cyme, or something else. Our Blossom Arrangement Page can help.
List all the ecological niches you can identify in your backyard. Our Backyard Niches Page can get you started.
Once you've made the above list, write down each species you can identify occupying each niche, and describe what the organisms are doing there.
Find an acorn -- an oak-tree's fruit. If you're not sure sure what to look for, see the Water Oak acorn in the "nut" section of our Simple Fruits Page.
Familiarize yourself with the ten most conspicuous insect orders by finding members of each of them. Our Insect Orders Page can help you.
Find a pine cone and look for its seeds. Our Conifer Page shows a typical pine cone with some seeds next to it.
Find a composite flower (described on our Composite Flowers Page) and, if it has these parts, identify its ray flowers, its disk flowers, the receptacle, and the achenes.
Compost fallen leaves in plastic garbage bags as described in the yellow box on our Composting Page.
Dig into the leaf litter in a forested park or beneath a hedge to find white strands of fungal hyphae, as described on our Hyphae Page.
Look very closely at any sand or streambed gravel you can find. Try to see tiny crystals, as described on our Minerals Page. Especially if you have a magnifying glass you should at least see glass-like quartz crystals.
Notice that most but not all fallen leaves display "bilateral symmetry" as described mideway down one of our Leaf Pages.
Look for a wild-growing fern. In the suburbs sometimes they may grow in the shade beneath shrubbery on the north sides of houses. They like moisture, so many backyards may not have any. If that's the case, maybe you can find one at a local park. If you find one, look for spore-producing sori, or fruit dots, as described on our Fern Page.
Order a geology map for your state at the USGS State Map Page, and start learning your local geology, and why the landscape looks the way it does. To start, click on your state.
Find a fruit of any kind and decide what kind it is. Our Fruit Page can help you decide whether it's a simple, aggregate or multiple fruit, and if it's a simple one (as most fruits are) what kind of simple fruit.
If you have a special interest, such as birds, wildflowers, spiders, or whatever, consider joining an "e-group" such as those found at the Reddit.Com platform. Just go there, type your subject into the search box at the top of the page, and if you see a group you like, join it.
Find a plant with spines or thorns and try to figure out why it has them. Remember that plants evolved long ago when often large herbivores such as bison, wild horses and mastodons wandered the land. Of course we have a nice Plant Spines Page.
Look for animal tracks in mud. You should be able to identify at least dog tracks, as drawn on our Mammal Tracks Page.
Look for simple and compound eyes on an insect, as described in the eye section of our Insect Design Page.
On tree twigs, look for lenticels (tiny "windows" in twigs that let in air) as described on our Woody Twigs Page.
Read Naturalist Jim Conrad's short online book Walks With Red Dog, about being with a dog in the countryside.
On various trees, shrubs and herbs see if you can always figure out exactly where the leaves are. Our How Can You Decide Whether Something is a Leaf or Not? Page can help you here, especially with the question of whether something is a leaf or a leaflet.
Probably you've watched Robins catching earthworms in your lawn. Lie on the lawn and see if you catch as many as the Robins do. If you have chiggers or redbugs in your area you might want to spread a plastic sheet below you.
Find a caterpillar and notice its six black jointed legs immediately behind the head, its stubby, mid-body legs called prolegs and its end ones called anal prolegs. Our Caterpillars & Other Insect Larvae Page shows these.
Collect animals sounds on your computer's hard disk. Using an Internet search engine, type in keywords such as "bullfrog audio" or "cricket audio." When your audio player is finished playing the sound, click on File/ Save As.., then place the file in a folder or subdirectory where you can find it later.
Find a pore mushroom as described on our Pore Mushrooms Page.
Become an official frogwatcher. For details go to Frogwatch USA
If you have tomato plants in your garden, find a tomato flower and notice how its anthers are grown together as shown on our Tomato-flower Page. Mark a flower and day after day watch how the ovary expands, the stamens and corolla shrivel and fall off, and finally the ovary becomes a tomato.
Browse current environmental news issued by the UK's The Guardian newspaper.
At night, find a streetlight or backyard light and watch for insects who flutter into it. These insects are trying to navigate by the light as if it were a star. However, as they fly, trying to keep the light at a certain angle as must be done to fly in a straight line, they begin passing by the light. They turn to compensate, then have to turn again, and before long they are circling the light and crashing into it...
When you go onto the Internet for the first time each day, check out NASA's Astronomy Picture of the Day. This will help you keep things here on Earth in perspective.
List all the trees in your neighborhood. Our page on backyard trees can help. You may also want to look at our pages on twigs and tree bark..
Find a butterfly and try to identify it at the Butterflies of North America site. Our page on butterflies can give you lots of hints about butterfly identification.
Put out a birdbath for birds and other critters. It doesn't have to be a real birdbath, but could be something like a turned-upside garbage can lid. The water should be no deeper than an inch. Keep a list of the species who visit.
Check out the BBC's 'Science & Environment News'
Start a rock collection. Our rock section can get you oriented.
In the night sky, learn these constellations: The Big Dipper (Ursa Major), The Little Dipper (Ursa Minor), Leo the Lion, Boötes the Herdsman, Hercules, Corona Borealis, and Draco the Dragon. The

If you live in eastern or central North America, look for a Bowl and Doily Spider web -- one of the most common webs seen in this part of the world. One is shown on our spider-silk page -- fourth from the top.
At night and with a flashlight, sneak up on a stridulating cricket and watch it sing.
Find a lichen, as described on our Lichen Page, and figure out whether it is crustose, foliose or fruticose.
If you have a camera, about 5 feet from a birdbath, put a box or some other structure large enough for you to hide in. After the birds become accustomed to this "wildlife observation blind" (maybe a couple of days), go inside, then take a close look at what visits the birdbath. Birds can count up to "one," so you may need a friend to go with you to the box, you get inside the box, then your friend leaves. The birds will see "one" person go to the birdbath, and "one" return, so then they'll know the coast is clear for them!
In your basement or some other damp, slightly junky place, look for "thousasnd leggers." Are they centipedes, millipedes or maybe sowbugs? Our Centipedes, Millipedes & Pill Bugs Page can help you decide.
Look for squirrels around your house or in the local park. What kind of squirrels are they? Our Squirrel Page may be able to help.
In a local woods, look for a coral fungus such as the one on our Coral Fungi Page.
Find a feather and identify these parts of it: shaft, vane, barbs, and barbules. Our Feather Page can help.
Find out where your house's water comes from. Does your town have its own well, or take water from a reservoir or river? If your water comes from a reservoir or river, does the water seem clean to you, and free of chemical pollutants? Are you content with your water situation? If not, what are you going to do about it?
Understand your weather better. A good place to begin is MetOffice.Com's Understanding Weather page
Find out the geological age of the land on which you live. You may need to consult a geology map of the kind described on our Geological Processes Page.
Look for fungi. When you find a fungus, figure out what kind it is. Our Fungus Section can help.
See what you think about our Letter to Young People.
Find a grass flower and, referring to our Grass Flower Page, identify a spikelet, the glumes, and a floret. You may need to use a pin to separate the various parts, and a magnifying glass.
Report what Nature in doing in your part of the world by reporting phenological observations -- notes about seasonal things, such as when plants flower and fruit, birds nest, frogs croak, etc.. Check to see if there are programs monitoring your area at Globe.Gov
Start a Nature Study Notebook, either on paper or on your computer. Our "Nature Journal" page can help you get started.
Get involved with local efforts to save the environment and meet others who enjoy learning about nature. Check out our Get Involved Section, which gives links to environmental groups on the Web.
Look for a gilled mushroom and see if it has the following parts: cap, stalk, gills, ring, and cup. Our Mushroom Page can help.
Learn to identify Poison Ivy. One way to do this is to go to the Google Images Page, type "Poison Ivy" into the search box, then look at the various thumbnail pictures showing Poison Ivy.
List all the birds in your neighborhood. The "how to birdwatch" part of our bird section can get you started.
Once you have your birdlist, note next to each species' name what kind of beak it has. Various beak types are described on our Bird Beaks Page.
And once you have some birds listed, listen to their songs at the US Government Patuxent birdsong page.
Find a gilled mushroom and key it out with MushroomExpert.Com's Gilled Mushrooms key
When you eat fried chicken, pay attention to the bones and realize what part of the chicken's body you are eating. You might want to compare your chicken bones with those of the pigeon at our Bird Bones & Muscles Page.
Why do some leaves change colors in the fall? Find out on our Color Change in Leaves page.
After learning to identify Poison Ivy, crush and smell several leaves of herbs, shrubs and trees. Do some odors strike you as chemicals the plant is using to keep insects and other animals from eating it? If this interests you, look at our Plant Chemicals used in Defense Page.
On trees, shrubs and weeds, look for galls as described on our Gall Page.
Browse some online, nature- and science-oriented technical journals. We have a list of some at the bottom of our Scientific Journals Page.
Do you know that Life on Earth as we know it couldn't exist without mycorrhiza? If not, check out our Mycorrhiza Page.
In a garden flower, figure out the different parts. Locate the stamens (pollen-producing male part, consisting of filament and anther), pistil (female part that will mature into a fruit, consisting of stigma, style and ovary), corolla and calyx. Our Standard Blossom Page will help you.
Check out Frequently Asked Questions about Global Warming provided by the Union of Concerned Scientists.
Search for a member of the Mint Family, as described on our Mint-flowers Page. Several weeds and garden flowers and herbs are mints. When you find a flowering mint plant, notice its square stem, opposite leaves, and its fruits divided into four "nutlets." Often mints smell minty, too...
At the "All About Birds" website, choose a live cam and watch what birds are doing at this very moment.
Catch up on the latest nature news at ScienceDaily.Com's Nature News page.
Put a flowering plant next to your computer and on the Web go to the World Wide Flowering Plant Family Page, and see if you can figure out what plant familiy your plant belongs to. If you need help figuring out the parts of the plant, go to the Flowering Plants Section of our Backyard Plants Page.